Mandrake & RedHat 7.2

[kks]

請問幾個問題,
1.我最近要架小型的dns,mail server,我不知道要用RedHat7.2比較好,還是用Mandrake??

2.我對硬體組裝不熟,架此Server要用什麼CPU,主機板,較穩定呢??

謝謝幫忙!!

[repsol]

1.redhat和Mandrake 都是很不錯的OS..都可以用

2. 不用太好的機器..
這篇how to 文章可以給你參考...這樣的機器都可以裝的起來..




原文章出於
http://www.linuxfab.cx/indexNewsData.php?NID=4068

How to 作者 : [email protected]


在 4MB RAM 的舊 PC 上安裝 Debian Linux


From: "Jens Scheidtmann"
Subject: mini HOWTO: Installing Debian on 4 MB RAM

Dear list readers,

recently I reactivated an old B/W notebook with 4 MB Ram lying around
at my home: I bootstrapped Debian on it.

The bootstrapping process was a bit more complicated as a normal
install of Debian. This miniHOWTO outlines how I have done it.

As this bootstrapping has happened some time ago and I am recalling it
from memory there is as usual no guarantee that it will work. If you
find any errors (be it typos, grammar or wrong facts) please tell me.

I am currently subscribed neither to debian-user nor to debian-devel, so please
cc your replies to [email protected] (It would overwelm my one and
only mail account -- I am currently waiting for a mail account with more space).

This document is copyright (C) 2001 Jens Scheidtmann.
You may freely distribute and alter this document under the
GNU Public License 2 or above.

Version 0.1

Prerequisites:
-------------

* A normal computer with some free disk space. Not only free space in
a partition, but an area of your hard disk without a partition. It
should run Debian of course.

* A notebook or computer with >= 4 MB RAM (and < 8 MB) with an HD of
>= 300 MB, a parallel port and a floppy drive.

* a LapLink cable (at least this howto assumes it, but you sure can
use other means to connect the two computers).

* An Internet connection or a Debian Install CD Set.

* A version of the smalllinux boot/root disks (search freshmeat.net).

Outline of the Process:
----------------------

1) First you will use your normal computer and prepare a tarball of
the Debian base system.

2) Then you will boot the notebook with boot/root disks, partition its
hard disks and transfer the prepared tarball to it.

3) Make it bootable from the notebooks HD.

4) Start using Debian on your notebook.

Note:

Before following the process described here, you can try to install
Debian from the installation disk set. Make sure that you replace the
kernel on the boot disk with a kernel which does not consume so much
memory. I don't know exactly where I ran into problems (because I did
this install described in here a while ago), but I tried hard and fell
back on the approach described in this howto, so good look and please
tell me if you get it working.

Phase I:
-------

Prepare the Tarball.

0) Boot into smalllinux on your Notebook.

1) Look at your notebook and find out how big the HD is using
fdisk. Decide how many space you will reserve for swapping and how
many space is left for the linux partition.

Use plenty of swap space! Mine is 35 MB. You should make it at
least 20 MB big, because this partition will first contain a copy
of the tarball we prepared on the normal computer.

So partition the disk according to your choices. Format BOTH
partitions as ext2.

2) Create a partition with a comparable size as the final linux
partition on your normal computer. The exact size does not matter.

3) Install the Debian base system into this partion using the install
floppies, a CD of your installation CD set or use whatever
is your preferred way to install Debian.

4) Boot into your normal Linux System and mount the partition. Make a
nice tarball out of it (as root), while preserving permissions:

# cd /mnt/point; tar cvpzf /tmp/ball.tar .

Phase II:
--------

Once you got the tarball, you can proceed by making a network connection
between the two computers.

0) Take a break.

1) Connect the two computers with your LapLink Cable.

2) Make sure the kernel of your normal computer has got the "plip"
module available or compiled in.

3) Edit /etc/hosts and add two lines for your normal computer and your
notebook:

--//--
192.168.0.1 father
192.169.0.2 baby
--//--

4) Fire the connection up on your normal computer:

# ifconfig plip0 father pointopoint baby up

If you are still using a 2.0.X kernel use plip1 instead. You will
then have to add a route, too: "route add baby dev plip1".

5) Similarly fire the connection up using smalllinux from the
notebook. Here you will have to use "plip1", raw IP adresses and
add a route.

You should now be able to send pings between the two computers.

6) mount the supposed swap partition as ext2 and open an ftp connection to
your normal computer. Download ball.tar into the swap partition.

7) mount the final linux partition and extract the tarball into it:

# cd /mnt/point/final; tar xvzpf /where/ever/it/is/ball.tar

8) umount the swap partition and do a mkswap with it.


Phase III:
---------

Now the Debian base system is installed on the laptop, you now have to
make it bootable.

0) Prepare a bootfloppy for you notebook by dd-ing the smalllinux
kernel onto a floppy disk. Set the correct boot device (the final
partition) with rdev:

# dd if=smalllinux.kernel of=/dev/fd0
# rdev /dev/fd0 /dev/correct.partition

1) Start the notebook with it and keep your fingers crossed that
everything went alright and you don't get a kernel panic.

2) Copy the kernel to your harddisk, edit lilo.conf and run lilo.

3) Check wether the notebook starts without problems.


Phase IV:
--------

Use the notebook. Here are some tips:

* Compile a lightweight 2.0.x kernel on your normal computer using
kernel-tools. If it takes more than 500 k it is not lightweight.
"dpkg -i" it on the notebook. (fdisk -l will not work, but hey, who
cares.)

* ftp /etc/apt/sources.list and /var/state/apt/lists/* from your
normal computer. Read /usr/share/doc/apt/offline.txt.gz and use the
wget method, but ftp the packages directly to
/var/cache/apt/archives.

Try to avoid installing, because apt-get install swaps to death.

* zgv is a svgalib picture viewer, and bmv is a svgalib ghostscript
frontend.

* emacs20 works but takes ages to start.

* I even installed tetex.

* There is a "tiny X" out somewhere, but I haven't tried it yet and I
don't know when I will.



原文出於
http://7thguard.net/files/DebianHOWTO.txt



注意機器的散熱問題為首要.


還有一點需要注意
原新聞出於
http://www.linuxfab.cx/indexNewsData.php?NID=4651
http://www.gentoo.org/

最近在 Athlon CPU 上發現了一個主要的 bug ﹐這影響到 Linux 2.4 的核心版本﹐請注意﹐這一個 bug 實際上是 CPU 本身的缺失﹐而不是 Linux 的 bug ﹐然而﹐這也變成 Linux 界的一大問題﹐因為現有許多的 semi-broken Athlon/Duron/Athlon MP CPU 。

更細部的說明﹐眾所皆知的﹐ x86 的系統所採用的記憶體分頁大小是 4k ﹐然而在引進 Pentium 製程的 CPU 後﹐ Intel 增加了一項新的特色稱為 "extended paging" ( 延伸分頁 ) ﹐可以採用 4Mb 的分頁來替代﹐而這就是問題所在﹐許多的 Athlon 和 Duron 的 CPU 和 AGP 界面使用延伸分頁聯結時﹐會產生記憶體資料毀損的狀況﹐而且這個狀況是當 Linux Kernel 2.4 在編譯給 Pentium-Classic 或更高等級的處理器的時候﹐會自動採取最佳化的 "extended paging" ( 延伸分頁 ) 型態時會發生﹐不過還好﹐目前有提供簡單的方法供解決。

如果你使用 AMD Athlon 或是 Duron 以及 AGP 的話﹐請在 LILO 或是 GRUB 中加上 :



原文出處
http://www.linuxcenter.com.tw/news/l...=manual&id=830

[kks]

非常感謝!! 我大概知道了,所以一般普通的PC,幾乎都可用...

我想再加問一個問題,不好意思ㄛ!!
為了節省空間,我安裝時只想裝Server的套件,我的HD應該如何分割??一般/swap需要多 大??

[repsol]

一般來說...swap 為記憶體的一倍


ex : 256 MB的RAM ...swap 就可以切成512MB



/usr為最主要的...放系統指令and 自己灌一些ap
系統的src , include , lib都是放這邊...
建議割大一點..



既然是要灌server..可以用custom install 來自己選要裝那些....
x-window就不要裝....

[repsol]

這邊的文章寫的很不錯

你可以參考一下


http://www.study-area.org/linux/syst...ux_install.htm
http://safe.ip-market.com/article.php?sid=5



這類的文件很多...你可以更細心的搜尋一下...
相信會對你有幫助的...